51. Certification and directory services may be provided by a person or by the State.
Certification services involve verifying the identity of persons and issuing certificates confirming personal identity, the identification of an association, a partnership or the State or the correctness of an object identifier. Directory services involve entering certificates and identifiers in a directory that is accessible to the public and confirming the validity of the certificates contained in the directory and their link with the information they confirm.
A service provider may offer all or some of these services.